Perkawinan Anak di Bawah Umur dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Abstract
Under age marriage is not a new case in Indonesia. This practice has been performed by many people either in villages or big cities for a long time. Its causes are diverse from economic factors, poor education, to superficial understanding of cultural and religious values. In addition to causing social, psychological and health problems, under age marriage brings about legal problems. For example, Syekh Puji and Ulfa’s marriage opens controversy areas between traditional, Islamic, national and international laws because each has different juridical perspectives. This fact causes at least two legal problems: first, harmony between one law and another; second, challenges for marital legislation in term of under age marriage. This writing is aimed to show the urgency of marital law review to answer legislative challenges toward Islamic law harmony with globalization era today.
Keywords:
Pernikahan Bawah Umur, Legislasi Undang-Undang, Harmonisasi Hukum
References
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Abû Abd al-Lâh Muhammad bin Ismâil bin Ibrâhim bin al-Mughîrah bin Bardizbah al-Ju’fî, Shahîh al-Bukhâri, Juz XII (Kairo: Dâr al-Hadîts, 2004), 284.
Abû al-Husayn Muslim bin al-Hajjaj al-Qushayry al-Naysabury, Shahîh Muslim, Juz VII (Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr, t.t.), 244.
Abû Bakr Ahmad bin Husayn bin Âli bin ‘Abd al-Lâh al-Bayhaqi, Sunan al-Baihaqî al-Kubra, Juz VII (Mekah: Maktabah Dâr al-Baz, t.t.), 254, Hadis Nomer 14246 dan 14247.
Abû Bakr al-Jashshash, Ahkâm al-Qur’ân, Juz II (Beirut: Dâr Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi, 1405 H), 346.
Al-‘Uqaili, al-Dhu‘fâ’ al-‘Uqaili, Juz III (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, t.t.), 989.
Al-Qarârî, “Tazwîj al-Banât li Tis’ Sinîn bayn al-Nafy wa al-Itsbât”, dalam www.ahlalhdeeth.com.
Al-Shawkânî, Nayl al-Awthâr, Juz VI (Beirut: Dâr al-Jill, 1973), 252.
Al-Syâfi‘î, al-Umm, Juz V (Beirut: Dâr al-Ma’rifah, 1393 H), 167.
Chazizah Gusnita, “Syekh Puji: Saya Punya Dasar Agama, Nggak Ngawur”, dalam http://www. detiknews.com /read/ 2008/10/23/ 150516/ 1024883/ 10/ syekh-puji-saya-punya-dasar-agama-nggak-ngawur ; diakses 23 Oktober 2008.
Febrianti Abbasuni, “Negara Tidak Boleh Membatasi Usia Pernikahan!”, http://hizbut-tahrir.or.id/2008/11/21/ bolehkah-negara-membatasi-usia-minimal-pernikahan/; diakses 21 November 2008.
Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr al-Namri, al-Kâfi (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1407 H), 231. Periksa juga Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr al-Namri, al-Tamhîd, Juz XIX (Maroko: Wizârat al-Awqâf wa al-Su’ûn al-Islâmiyyah, 1387 H), 98.
Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Tahqiq fi Ahâdîst al-Khilâf, Juz II (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, 1415 H), 267.
Ibn Hazm al-Zhâhiri, al-Mahalla, Juz IX (Beirut: Dâr al-Awfaq al-Jadîdah, t.t.), 460.
Ibn Qudâmah, al-Mughni II (Amman Yordania: Bayt al-Afkâr al-Duwaliyyah, t.t.), 1600.
Iin Yumiyanti, “MUI: Tak Masalah Syekh Puji Dipidanakan”, http://www.detiknews.com/read/ 2008/10/22/165612/ 1024278/10/mui-tak-masalah-syekh-puji-dipidanakan; diakses tanggal 22 Oktober 2008.
J. Bruce & S. Clark, “The Implications of Early Marriage for HIV/AIDS Policy”, brief based on background paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/ Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents (New York: Population Council, 2004).
Majelis Umum PBB, “Konvensi Hak Anak”, diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Indonesia oleh Susi Septaviana, http://www.idp-europe.org/Indonesia /docs / Konvensi HakAnak.pdf; diakses tanggal 20 November 1989.
R. Jenson & R. Thornton, “Early Female Marriage in the Developing World”, dalam Gender and Development, vol. 11, no. 2, 9-19 (New York: Gender and Development, 2003).
Ratna Batara Munti, “Pokok-Pokok Pikiran Usulan Amandemen UU Perkawinan”, http://www.lbh-apik.or.id
Saranga Jain & Kathlee Kurz, “New Insights on Preventing Child Marriage: A Global Analysis on Factors and Programs”, artikel International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) untuk The United States Agency for International Development. April 2007.
Shams al-Din al-Sarkhasy, al-Mabsûth, Juz IV (Beirut: Dâr al-Ma’rifah, 1406 H), 212.
Suara Media, “Syekh Puji Menikahi Bocah Berusia 12 Tahun”, 26 Oktober 2008, 1.
Sulayman al-Qarari, “Tazwîj al-Banât Li Tis’ Sinîn bayn al-Nafy Wa al-Itsbât”, www.ahlalhdeeth.com/vb/ attachment.php?attachmentid=60364&d= 1224443807.
The Population Council. “Adolescent and Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health: Charting Directions for a Second Generation of Programming.” A Report on a Workshop of the UNFPA in Collaboration with the Population Council, 1–3 May 2002. New York: The Population Council, 2002.
Undang Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.
Undang Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.
UNFPA, “Afghan Teens Speak Out Against Early Marriage - World Population Day: A Personal Story”, http: //www.unfpa.org/news /news.cfm?ID=346&Language=1; diakses tanggal 11 Juli 2003.
___________, “Child Marriage Fact Sheet”, http: //www.unfpa.org /news /news.cfm?ID=346& Language=1
UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, “Early Marriage: Child Spouses”, No. 7.(Florence, Italy: UNICEF, 2001), www.unicef-icdc.org/ publications/pdf/digest7e.pdf.
UNICEF website on Married Adolescents, Child Marriage Advocacy Programme: Fact Sheet on Child Marriage and Early Union (New York: UNFPA, 2004).
UNICEF website on Married Adolescents, Child Marriage Advocacy Programme: Fact Sheet on Child Marriage and Early Union (New York: UNFPA, 2004).
UNICEF, Early Marriage: A Harmful Traditional Practice (New York: United Nations, 2005).
United Nations, “We the Children: End-Decade”, Review of the Follow-up to the World Summit for Children: Report of the Secretary-General (A/S-27/3) (New York: United Nations, 2001).
Yusuf Hanafi, “Benarkah Nabi Menikahi Gadis di Bawah Umur?”, http://www.islamlib.com; diakses tanggal 11 November 2008. Artikel tersebut merupakan saduran dari tulisan T.O. Shavanas, “Was Ayesha A Six-Year-Old Bridge”, http://www.iiie.net/node/58.
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Published
2008-12-31
How to Cite
Hanafi, Y. (2008). Perkawinan Anak di Bawah Umur dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam. Ulumuna, 12(2), 249-274. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v12i2.381
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