Menggagas Fiqh Al-Bī’ah sebagai Basis Etis-Praktis Konservasi Alam
Abstract
Environmentalists are now seeking a new way to tackle environmental crises after the failure of the science-based approach to these issues. They look for an alternative perspective and mechanism on the basis of religion or wisdom of local tradition for the environment maintenance. Islamic law (fiqh) offers ethical grounds and norms for the conservation of nature. The grounds are not abstract norms but concrete guidance for humans as the God’s vicegerent on earth. Furthermore, fiqh has provided individuals and society the standard of ethic and practice to deal with nature. This article examines the norms and history of fiqh regarding human-nature relations or fiqh al-bī’ah (Islamic law of nature preservation). It shows that fiqh offers a detailed h\alal-h\aram provision as the scheme of standard consumption, hima (wildlife protection) and ihyā’ al-mawat (cultivation of unowned land).
Keywords:
Fiqh al-bī’ah, Krisis lingkungan, Hima, ihyā’ al-mawat
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Abū Zahrah, Muh}ammad Tārīkh Al-Madhāhib Al-Islāmiyyah Wa Al-‘Aqā‘Id Wa Tārīkh Al-Madhāhib Al-Fiqhiyyah. Kairo: Dār al-Fikr al-‘Arabi, t.th.
al-Bukhārī, Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘īl ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mughīrah ibn Bardizbah al-Ju‘fī. Kitāb Al-Wālah. Vol. 1. S}AhĪh Al-Bukhārī. Kairo: Dār al-Sha'b, t.th.
Al-Gazālī, Abū H{āmid Muh}ammad bin Muh}ammad. Al-Mustahafa Min 'Ilm Al-UsŪl. Vol. 3. Beirut: Dār Ih}yā al-Turāth al-Arabī, t.th.
al-H{ajjāj, Abū al-H{usayn ‘Asākir ad-Dīn Muslim ibn. S}AhĪh Muslim. Vol. 4. Kitab Al-Imarah. Kairo: Dār al-Sha’b, t.th.
al-Nasā'ī, Abū `Abd al-Rah}mān Ah}mad ibn Shu`ayb ibn 'Alī ibn Sīnān. Kitab Al-S}Ayd Wa Al-Dhaba’ih. Vol. 7. Sunan Al-Nasā'ī. Kairo: al-Maktabah al-Tajiriyyah, 1398.
al-Naysaburi, Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj. Al-S}Ayd Wa Al-Dhaba’ih. Vol. 4. Shahih Muslim, t.th.
al-Qard}āwī, Yūsuf. Ri’āyatu Al-Bī’ah Fī Al-Sharī’ati Al-Islāmiyyah [Agama Ramah Lingkungan]. Translated by Abdullah Hakam Shah et al. Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2002.
Al-Zuhaylī, Wahbah. Al-Fiqhu Al-Islāmī Wa Adillatuhu. Vol. 5. Damaskus: Dār al-Fikr, 1984.
Alikodra, Hadi S. "Krisis Lingkungan Dan Platform Politik." REPUBLIKA.
Alikodra, Hadi S and Syaukani HR. Bumi Makin Panas Banjir Makin Luas. Bandung: Yayasan Nuansa Cendikia, 2004.
Fahrudin, Mangunjaya. Bertahan Di Bumi; Gaya Hidup Mengahadapi Perubahan Iklim. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2008.
Haq, S. Nomanul. Islam and Ecology: Toward Retrieval and Reconstruction. Islam and Ecology: A Bestowed Trust, edited by Richard Foltz, 1984.
Hasan, Ahmed. The Early Development of Islamic Jurisprudence. Delhi: Adam Publishers and Distributors, 1994
Hidayat, Noor. Pemberantasan Illegal Loging Melalui Pendekatan Kejahatan Lingkungan. Departemen Kehutanan Jakarta, 30 Agustus 2006.
Ibrahim, Abul Fadl Mohsen. Organ Transplantation, Euthanasia, Cloning and Animal Experimentation: An Islamic View. Leicester: The Islamic Foundation, 2001.
Kerap, A. Sony. Etika Lingkungan. Jakarta: Kompas, 2006.
Mahrus, An’im Fahruddin. "Syariat Islam Dan Penanganan Lingkungan Hidup." In Menanam Sebelum Kiamat: Islam, Ekologi Dan Gerakan Lingkungan Hidup, edited by Fahrudin Mangunjaya. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2007.
Mangunjaya, Fahrudin. Konservasi Alam Dalam Islam. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2005.
Mashri, Al-Hafizh B.A. Animals in Islam. Petersfield: The Athene Trust, 1989.
Narayan, Vasudha. "Water, Wood and Wisdom; Hindu Ecological Perspectives." In Vision of the Earth, edited by Harold Coward and Daniel McGuire. New York: State University of New York Press, 2000.
Nomura, Ko, ed. Environmnetal Education and Ngos in Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2005.
Priyanto, Budi. Hukum Kehutanan Dan Sumber Daya Alam. Bogor: Lembaga Hukum dan Pengawas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, 2004.
Quddus, Abdul. "Ecotheology Islam: Teologi Konstruktif Atasi Krisis Lingkungan." ULUMUNA 16 (2012): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v16i2.181.
Robson, James. Jihad. Vol. 3. Misykat Al-Masbabih. Lahore: sh. Muhammad Asyraf, 1964
Saifullah. Hukum Lingkungan: Paradigma Kebijakan Kriminal Di Bidang Konservasi Keanekragaman Hayati. Malang: UIN Malang Press, 2007.
Sardar, Ziauddin. Islamic Futures. New York: Mensell Publishing Limited, 1985.
Tucker, Mary Evelyn. Hinduism and Ecology. Cambrigde: Harvard University Press, 2000.
WALHI. Seri Konvensi Internasional; Konvensi Ramsar, Cities, Konvensi Keanekaragaman Hayati, Konvensi Perubahan Iklim. Jakarta: Pustaka Pelajar Ofset, 1999.
Yafie, Ali. Merintis Fiqih Lingkungan Hidup. Jakarta: Ufuk Press, 2006.
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Published
2015-06-29
How to Cite
Quddus, A. (2015). Menggagas Fiqh Al-Bī’ah sebagai Basis Etis-Praktis Konservasi Alam. Ulumuna, 19(1), 205-224. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v19i1.1258
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