Perspektif Epistemologis Teologi Islam Liberal
Abstract
Religious liberalism in Islamic context has many possible meanings: first, the development of rational thought and attitude; second, the freedom to interpret religious texts; third, the belief that all religions encourage virtue and support the universal values of humanity; fourth, strengthening the separation thing what is profane (worldly) from the sacred (religious). The article aims to analyze some of the terms relating to the Liberal Islamic theology, that is: religious liberalism, secularism, secularization, and pluralism. In the aspect of religious texts interpretation, Islamic liberalism has at least three characteristics: first, patterned substantive, that is to understand the religious teachings are not limited to the scriptural reason (text) but rather on finding a more substantial meaning behind the text. Second, patterned contextual, i.e. to interpret religious texts on a variety of contexts. Third, patterned rational, i.e. to interpret religious teachings based on the reasoning/logic of healthy and humanitarian objective.
Keywords:
Epistemologi, Injil, Kristen, Gereja, Teologi, Liberalisme, Islam Liberal
References
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M. Atho Mudzhar, Pendekatan Studi Islam: Antara Teori dan Praktek (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 1998).
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Nicholas F. Gier, “Religious Liberalism and the Founding Fathers”, dalam Peter Caws (ed.), Two Centuries of Philosophy in America (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publishers, 1980).
Nick Gier, “We are All Liberals Well”, dalam http://www.class.uidaho.edu/ngier/ liberalism.htm.
Noeng Muhadjir, Penelitian Kualitatif (Yogyakarta: Rake Sarasin, 2000).
Nurcholiash Madjid, Islam, Doktrin, dan Peradaban (Jakarta: Paramadina, 2005).
R. William Liddle, “Skripturalisme Media Dakwah: Satu Bentuk Pemikiran dan Aksi Politik Islam Masa Orde Baru”, Ulumul Qur`an, vol. IV, no. 3 (1993).
Roger Schmidt, et. al., Patterns of Religion (Belmont, CA: International Thomson Publishing Company, 1999).
Shabbir Akhtar, The Final Imperative: an Islamic Theology of Liberation (London: Bellew Publishing, 1991).
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Wacker,http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/twenty/tkeyinfo/liberal.htm.
Yusril Ihza Mahendra, “Harun Nasution tentang Islam dan Masalah Kenegaraan”, dalam Aqib Suminto, dkk, Refleksi Pembaharuan Pemikiran Islam: 70 Tahun Harun Nasution (Jakarta: LSAF, 1989).
Ahmad. S. Moussalli, Radical Islamic Fundamentalism: The Ideological and Political Discourse of Sayyid Qutb (Beirut, Libanon: American University of Beirut, 1992).
Aqib Suminto, dkk. Refleksi Pembaharuan Pemikiran Islam: 70 Tahun Harun Nasution (Jakarta: Panitia Penerbitan Buku dan Seminar 70 Tahun Harun Nasution bekerja sama dengan LSAF, 1989).
Azyumardi Azra, Pergolakan Politik Islam: dari Fundamentalisme, Modernisme, hingga Postmodernisme (Jakarta: Paramadina, 1996).
Brian S. Turner, Sosiologi Islam: Suatu Telaah Analitis (Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 1996).
David Bryce, “Religious Liberalism”, dalam http://www.westchesteruu.org/sermons/ser%202006_1203_ReligiousLiberalism.htm.
Donald Eugen Smith, Religion and Political Development (Canada: Little, Brown, & Company, 1970).
George Baum, Religion and Alienation: A Theological Reading of Sociology (New York: Paulist Press, 1975).
Grant Wacker, “Religious Liberalism and the Crisis of Faith”, http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/twenty/tkeyinfo/liberal.htm.
Harun Nasution, Islam Rasional (Bandung: Mizan, 1996).
Harun Nasution, Muhammad Abduh dan Teologi Rasional Mu'tazilah (Jakarta: UI Press, 1987).
Harun Nasution, Pembaharuan dalam Islam: Sejarah Pemikiran dan Gerakan (Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1996).
Harvey Cox, The Secular City (New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1987), 18.
http://www.class.uidaho.edu/ngier/305/foundfathers.htm.
http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=623.
http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/transcendentalism/index.html.
J. Salwyn Schapiro, Liberalism: Its Meaning and History (New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, INC, 1958).
John L. Esposito, The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995).
Kuntowijoyo, Paradigma Islam (Bandung: Mizan, 1991).
Leonard Binder, Islamic Liberalism: A Critique of Development Ideologies (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1988).
Lexy J. Moleong, Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (Bandung: Remaja Rosda Karya, 2001).
M. Atho Mudzhar, Pendekatan Studi Islam: Antara Teori dan Praktek (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 1998).
Masri Singarimbun dan Sofian Effendi (ed.), Metode Penelitian Survai (Jakarta: LP3ES, 1995).
Mircea Eliade (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Religion, vol. 13 (London: Coller Macmillan Publisher, 1987).
Munawir Sjadzali, “Reaktualisasi Ajaran Islam”, dalam Iqbal Abdurrauf Saimima (ed.), Polemik Reaktualisasi Ajaran Islam (Jakarta: Pustaka Panjimas, 1988).
Munawir Sjadzali, Islam dan Tata Negara: Ajaran, Sejarah, dan Pemikiran (Jakarta: UI Press, 1993).
Nicholas F. Gier, “Religious Liberalism and the Founding Fathers”, dalam Peter Caws (ed.), Two Centuries of Philosophy in America (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publishers, 1980).
Nick Gier, “We are All Liberals Well”, dalam http://www.class.uidaho.edu/ngier/ liberalism.htm.
Noeng Muhadjir, Penelitian Kualitatif (Yogyakarta: Rake Sarasin, 2000).
Nurcholiash Madjid, Islam, Doktrin, dan Peradaban (Jakarta: Paramadina, 2005).
R. William Liddle, “Skripturalisme Media Dakwah: Satu Bentuk Pemikiran dan Aksi Politik Islam Masa Orde Baru”, Ulumul Qur`an, vol. IV, no. 3 (1993).
Roger Schmidt, et. al., Patterns of Religion (Belmont, CA: International Thomson Publishing Company, 1999).
Shabbir Akhtar, The Final Imperative: an Islamic Theology of Liberation (London: Bellew Publishing, 1991).
The Encyclopedia Americana (USA: Glorier Incorporated).
Wacker,http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/twenty/tkeyinfo/liberal.htm.
Yusril Ihza Mahendra, “Harun Nasution tentang Islam dan Masalah Kenegaraan”, dalam Aqib Suminto, dkk, Refleksi Pembaharuan Pemikiran Islam: 70 Tahun Harun Nasution (Jakarta: LSAF, 1989).
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Published
2017-11-04
How to Cite
Al-Kaf, H. (2017). Perspektif Epistemologis Teologi Islam Liberal. Ulumuna, 13(2), 305-332. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v13i2.363
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